A Sandwash Flat in Bangkok

The term “sandwash” can be confusing, as it is frequently used interchangeably with “exposed aggregate” or “exposed aggregate concrete.” Sandwash cement involves mixing aggregates (small stones or pebbles) into cement, then “washing” away the outer layer to reveal the stone patterns and create a textured finish.

Sandwash holds a unique place in the modern history of Southeast Asian construction materials. It was once commonly used for outdoor floors and walls, particularly in homes, schools and temples in Thailand. Due to its widespread use (it can still be found in worn-out public areas and neglected buildings across Bangkok), many view it as outdated and unfashionable.

At Architectkidd, we believe the beauty of sandwash remains underappreciated. It offers customization opportunities, with various stone types to create distinct textures and appearances. Like its more refined counterparts, such as terrazzo, sandwash can be tailored to suit the needs of any project. It is produced on-site by local workers using small-scale ingredients and hand tools, making it a more energy-efficient and cost-effective choice compared to other finishes.

Sandwash allows for the creation of curved angles and fluid forms that would be more challenging with solid stone or brick. Its ability to mold into smooth, organic shapes adds an extra dimension to interior design, offering versatility in creating dynamic spaces.

Durable and resilient, sandwash cement is a creative interior finish. By experimenting with different cement and aggregate combinations, it’s possible to create surfaces that withstand the test of time and wear.

At Architectkidd, our exploration of sandwash techniques is about rediscovering a material that once played a key role in Thai architecture—a material that may have been forgotten. While it may not be the flashiest or most celebrated, sandwash serves as a reminder that sometimes the simplest materials endure the longest.